Exclusive: Iranian
diplomats instigated killing of dissident in Istanbul, Turkish officials
ISTANBUL (Reuters) - Two
intelligence officers at Iran’s consulate in Turkey instigated the killing last
November of an Iranian dissident in Istanbul who criticized the Islamic
Republic’s political and military leaders, two senior Turkish officials told
Reuters.
The accusation is likely to strain
ties between Turkey and Iran, two regional powers which had grown closer under
the government of Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan.
Masoud Molavi Vardanjani was shot
dead on an Istanbul street on Nov. 14, 2019, a little over a year after the
Turkish officials say he left Iran.
A police report into the killing,
published two weeks ago, said Vardanjani had an “unusual profile”. It said he
worked in cyber security at Iran’s defense ministry and had become a vocal
critic of the Iranian authorities.
According to the report, Vardanjani
had posted a message on social media targeting Iran’s elite Revolutionary
Guards in August, three months before he was shot dead.
“I will root out the corrupt mafia
commanders,” the post said. “Pray that they don’t kill me before I do this.”
Reuters was unable to independently
confirm either Vardanjani’s position at the Iranian defense ministry or his
social media posts.
No one at the Iranian embassy and consulate in Turkey
responded to calls on Friday seeking comment on Vardanjani’s background or
death. Asked about possible Iranian government involvement in the killing, a
spokeswoman for Istanbul’s police said the investigation was continuing and
declined to comment further.
A week after the killing, U.S. Secretary of State Mike
Pompeo described it as “another tragic example in a long string of suspected
Iran-backed assassination attempts” of Iranian dissidents. He did not elaborate
further.
Turkish authorities did not publicly
accuse the Iranian government of involvement at the time. But the two senior
Turkish officials said that the Turkish government would now raise Vardanjani’s
killing with Iran and one of them said that Turkish prosecutors were also
following the case.
The suspected gunman and several other suspects,
including Turks and Iranians detained in the weeks after the killing, told
authorities they had acted on orders from two intelligence officers at the
Iranian consulate, the first official said.
“It was reflected in the testimonies
of the arrested suspects that these two Iranians, carrying diplomatic
passports, had given the order for the assassination,” he said, identifying the
two men by their first names and initials.
The second Turkish official said
evidence including the suspects’ statements suggested “Iranian nationals played
a serious role in both instigating and coordinating” the killing.
Both of the Turkish officials said
Ankara would soon deliver a formal response to Iran over Vardanjani’s killing
and the role they said was played by officials with diplomatic passports.
WARNINGS
Vardanjani was on the radar of the Iranian
authorities.
Two Iranian security sources said he had defied a
warning from the Revolutionary Guards not to cooperate with Turkish firms on
drone projects, without giving details. They said he had also approached the
United States and European states to work for them, although Reuters could not
corroborate this.
One of the Iranian sources said he had published
documents online that he had either hacked or obtained from contacts in Iran
and had ignored requests to contact the Iranian embassy in Ankara, instead
meeting Americans and an Israeli diplomat. The source gave no details on the
documents or his meetings.
The second Iranian source also said that Vardanjani
had been warned about his contacts with foreign diplomats.
The second Turkish official compared Vardanjani’s
death to the October 2018 murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi by a team
of Saudi agents inside Saudi Arabia’s Istanbul consulate.
Erdogan has said Khashoggi’s killing was ordered at
the “highest levels” of the Saudi government. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman
has denied ordering the killing but said he bore ultimate responsibility as the
kingdom’s de facto leader.
On Wednesday, the Istanbul prosecutor’s office said it
had indicted 20 people, including a former aide to Prince Mohammed over
Khashoggi’s killing.
Relations between Turkey and Iran have been tested by
the civil war in Syria, where they back opposing sides.
Turkey has been particularly angered by the role of
Iranian-backed fighters in a Syrian government offensive against rebels backed
by Turkey in Idlib, a Syrian province just over Turkey’s southern border,
launched not long after Vardanjani’s killing.
ROADSIDE
KILLING
A joint investigation by Istanbul
police and Turkish intelligence reviewed more than 320 hours of footage,
searched 49 premises and spoke to 185 people, the police report said.
Video footage broadcast on Turkish television
after Vardanjani’s killing showed a gunman running past two men as they walked
in central Istanbul’s Sisli neighborhood at 10 pm on Nov. 14 last year. The
gunman fired several shots at one of them, who fell to the ground while his
companion took cover.
The Turkish officials said the
companion walking with Vardanjani had struck up a friendship with him after he
arrived in Istanbul from Tehran in June 2018 and had passed information about
him to Iranian intelligence.
The morning before the killing, the
companion, whom the police report and Turkish officials say was named Ali
Esfanjani, went to the Iranian consulate. He later met the gunman to discuss
details of the operation, the officials said.
The police report describes
Esfanjani as the leader of the team that carried out Vardanjani’s killing.
Esfanjani was spirited across the
border into Iran three days later by an Iranian smuggler, the first Turkish
official said, showing a copy of a bus ticket he had used under a fake name to
get to Turkey’s eastern border region of Agri.
Reuters could not confirm
Esfanjani’s whereabouts.
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